Ka Wehewehe ʻAna i nā Mea TPU

I ka makahiki 1958, ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻo Goodrich Chemical Company (i kapa hou ʻia ʻo Lubrizol) i ka hōʻailona TPU ʻo Estane no ka manawa mua. I loko o nā makahiki he 40 i hala iho nei, ua ʻoi aku ma mua o 20 mau inoa hōʻailona a puni ka honua, a he nui nā huahana o kēlā me kēia hōʻailona. I kēia manawa, ʻo nā mea hana mea maka TPU ʻo BASF, Covestro, Lubrizol, Huntsman Corporation, Wanhua Chemical Group, Shanghai Heng'an, Ruihua, Xuchuan Chemical, a pēlā aku.

1, Māhele o TPU

Wahi a ke ʻano o ka ʻāpana palupalu, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ke ʻano polyester, ke ʻano polyether, a me ke ʻano butadiene, nona ka hui ester, ka hui ether, a i ʻole ka hui butene.

Wahi a ke ʻano o ka ʻāpana paʻakikī, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ke ʻano urethane a me ke ʻano urethane urea, i loaʻa mai nā mea hoʻolōʻihi kaulahao ethylene glycol a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻolōʻihi kaulahao diamine. Ua māhele ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale maʻamau i ke ʻano polyester a me ke ʻano polyether.

Ma muli o ke alo a i ʻole ka loaʻa ʻole o ka cross-linking, hiki ke puʻunaue ʻia i ka thermoplastic maʻemaʻe a me ka semi thermoplastic.

He ʻano linear maʻemaʻe ko ka mea mua a ʻaʻohe pilina hoʻopili; Loaʻa i ka mea hope kahi liʻiliʻi o nā pilina hoʻopili e like me ka Allophanic acid ester.

Wahi a ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana i hoʻopau ʻia, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā ʻāpana profiled (nā ʻano mīkini like ʻole), nā paipu (nā ʻōpala, nā ʻikepili bar), nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni (nā pepa, nā papa lahilahi), nā mea hoʻopili, nā uhi, nā fibers, a pēlā aku.

2, Hoʻohuihui ʻana o TPU

No ka polyurethane ka TPU ma ke ʻano o ke ʻano molekala. No laila, pehea i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia ai?

Wahi a nā kaʻina hana synthesis like ʻole, ua māhele nui ʻia i ka polymerization bulk a me ka polymerization solution.

I ka polymerization nui, hiki ke puʻunaue ʻia i ke ʻano polymerization mua a me ke ʻano hana hoʻokahi-ʻanuʻu e pili ana i ke alo a i ʻole ka ʻole o ka pre reaction:

ʻO ke ʻano prepolymerization e pili ana i ka hana ʻana i ka diisocyanate me nā macromolecular diols no kekahi manawa ma mua o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka hoʻonui kaulahao e hana i ka TPU;

ʻO ke ʻano hana hoʻokahi-ʻanuʻu e pili ana i ka hui pū ʻana a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā macromolecular diols, diisocyanates, a me nā mea hoʻolōʻihi kaulahao e hana i ka TPU.

ʻO ka polymerization o ka hopena e pili ana i ka hoʻoheheʻe mua ʻana o ka diisocyanate i loko o kahi solvent, a laila e hoʻohui i nā macromolecular diols e hana no kekahi manawa, a laila e hoʻohui i nā mea hoʻolōʻihi kaulahao e hana i ka TPU.

ʻO ke ʻano o ka ʻāpana palupalu TPU, ke kaumaha molekala, ka ʻike o ka ʻāpana paʻakikī a palupalu paha, a me ke kūlana hōʻuluʻulu TPU hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka nui o ka TPU, me ka nui o 1.10-1.25, a ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻōpala a me nā plastik ʻē aʻe.

Ma ka paʻakikī like, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka nui o ka polyether type TPU ma mua o ka polyester type TPU.

3, Ka hana ʻana o TPU

Pono nā ʻāpana TPU i nā kaʻina hana like ʻole e hana i ka huahana hope loa, me ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i nā ʻano hoʻoheheʻe a me nā ʻano hoʻonā no ka hana ʻana o TPU.

ʻO ka hana hoʻoheheʻe ʻana he hana maʻamau ia i ka ʻoihana palakiko, e like me ke kāwili ʻana, ka ʻōwili ʻana, ka extrusion, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka puhi, a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana;

ʻO ka hana ʻana i ka hopena ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i kahi hopena ma ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā ʻāpana i loko o kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe a i ʻole ka polymerizing pololei ʻana iā lākou i loko o kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe, a laila ka uhi ʻana, ka milo ʻana, a pēlā aku.

ʻO ka huahana hope loa i hana ʻia mai TPU ma ke ʻano laulā, ʻaʻole pono ia i ka hopena crosslinking vulcanization, hiki ke hoʻopōkole i ke kaʻina hana a hana hou i nā mea ʻōpala.

4, Hana o TPU

He kiʻekiʻe ka modulus o TPU, ikaika kiʻekiʻe, elongation kiʻekiʻe a me ka elasticity, kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ke kapa komo, kūpaʻa aila, kūpaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka wā kahiko.

ʻO ka ikaika tensile kiʻekiʻe, ka elongation kiʻekiʻe, a me ka haʻahaʻa o ka deformation mau loa o ka compression lōʻihi he mau pono nui ia o TPU.

E wehewehe nui ana ʻo XiaoU i nā waiwai mechanical o TPU mai nā ʻano e like me ka ikaika tensile a me ka elongation, resilience, hardness, etc.

Ka ikaika tensile kiʻekiʻe a me ka elongation kiʻekiʻe

He ikaika tensile a me ka elongation maikaʻi loa ko TPU. Mai ka ʻikepili ma ke kiʻi ma lalo nei, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike he ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ikaika tensile a me ka elongation o ka polyether type TPU ma mua o nā polyvinyl chloride plastic a me ka rubber.

Eia kekahi, hiki iā TPU ke hoʻokō i nā koi o ka ʻoihana meaʻai me ka liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻohe mea hoʻohui i hoʻohui ʻia i ka wā o ka hana ʻana, he mea paʻakikī hoʻi ia no nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me ka PVC a me ka rubber e hoʻokō ai.

He ʻano koʻikoʻi loa ke kūpaʻa i ka mahana

ʻO ke kūpaʻa o TPU e pili ana i ke kekelē o kona hoʻihoʻi koke ʻana i kona kūlana mua ma hope o ka hoʻomaha ʻia ʻana o ke kaumaha deformation, i hōʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he ikehu hoʻōla, ʻo ia ka lakio o ka hana hoʻihoʻi deformation i ka hana e pono ai e hana i ka deformation. He hana ia o ka modulus dynamic a me ka friction kūloko o kahi kino elastic a he ʻano koʻikoʻi loa ia i ka mahana.

E emi ana ka rebound me ka emi ʻana o ka mahana a hiki i kahi mahana, a piʻi koke ka elasticity. ʻO kēia mahana ka mahana crystallization o ka ʻāpana palupalu, i hoʻoholo ʻia e ke ʻano o ka macromolecular diol. ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka TPU ʻano Polyether ma mua o ka TPU ʻano polyester. I nā mahana ma lalo o ka mahana crystallization, lilo ka elastomer i mea paʻakikī loa a nalowale kona elasticity. No laila, ua like ka resilience me ka rebound mai ka ʻili o kahi metala paʻakikī.

ʻO ka pae paʻakikī ʻo Shore A60-D80

ʻO ka paʻakikī kahi hōʻailona o ka hiki o kahi mea ke kū'ē i ka deformation, ka scoring, a me ke scratching.

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka paʻakikī o TPU me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻāʻo paʻakikī ʻo Shore A a me Shore D, me Shore A i hoʻohana ʻia no nā TPU palupalu a hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Shore D no nā TPU paʻakikī.

Hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia ka paʻakikī o TPU ma ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hapa o nā ʻāpana kaulahao palupalu a paʻakikī. No laila, he ākea ka paʻakikī o TPU, mai Shore A60-D80, e uhi ana i ka paʻakikī o ka laholio a me ka palakiko, a he elasticity kiʻekiʻe ma o ka pae paʻakikī holoʻokoʻa.

I ka loli ʻana o ka paʻakikī, hiki ke loli kekahi mau waiwai o TPU. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka paʻakikī o TPU e hopena i nā loli hana e like me ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka modulus tensile a me ka ikaika haehae, ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka rigidity a me ke kaumaha compressive (ka hiki ke hoʻouka), ka emi ʻana o ka elongation, ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka density a me ka hanauna wela dynamic, a me ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ke kū'ē ʻana i ke kaiapuni.

5, Hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o TPU

Ma ke ʻano he elastomer maikaʻi loa, loaʻa iā TPU kahi ākea o nā kuhikuhi huahana ma hope a hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā mea e pono ai i kēlā me kēia lā, nā waiwai haʻuki, nā mea pāʻani, nā mea hoʻonaninani, a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.

Nā mea kāmaʻa

Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka TPU no nā mea kāmaʻa ma muli o kona elasticity maikaʻi loa a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu. ʻOi aku ka ʻoluʻolu o nā huahana kāmaʻa e loaʻa ana ka TPU ma mua o nā huahana kāmaʻa maʻamau, no laila ua hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou i nā huahana kāmaʻa kiʻekiʻe, ʻoiai kekahi mau kāmaʻa haʻuki a me nā kāmaʻa maʻamau.

hose

Ma muli o kona palupalu, ka ikaika tensile maikaʻi, ka ikaika hopena, a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe a me ka haʻahaʻa, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā hose TPU ma Kina e like me nā hose kinoea a me ka ʻaila no nā lako mīkini e like me nā mokulele, nā kaʻa kaua, nā kaʻa, nā mokokaikala, a me nā mea hana mīkini.

uwea

Hāʻawi ʻo TPU i ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka haehae, ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu, a me nā ʻano kūlou, me ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe a me ka haʻahaʻa ke kī i ka hana o ke kaula. No laila, ma ka mākeke Kina, hoʻohana nā kaula holomua e like me nā kaula hoʻomalu a me nā kaula mana i nā TPU e pale i nā mea uhi o nā hoʻolālā kaula paʻakikī, a ke laha nui nei kā lākou noi.

Nā mea lapaʻau

He mea pani PVC palekana, paʻa a kiʻekiʻe ke ʻano o TPU, ʻaʻole ia e loaʻa i ka Phthalate a me nā mea kemika ʻino ʻē aʻe, a e neʻe i ke koko a i ʻole nā ​​​​wai ʻē aʻe i loko o ke catheter lapaʻau a i ʻole ka ʻeke lapaʻau e hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. He TPU extrusion grade a me injection grade i hoʻomohala kūikawā ʻia.

kiʻiʻoniʻoni

He kiʻi lahilahi ka ʻili TPU i hana ʻia mai ka mea granular TPU ma o nā kaʻina hana kūikawā e like me ka ʻōwili ʻana, ka hoʻolei ʻana, ka puhi ʻana, a me ka uhi ʻana. Ma muli o kona ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu, ka elasticity maikaʻi, a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka wā, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā kiʻi TPU i nā ʻoihana, nā mea kāmaʻa, ke kūpono ʻana i nā lole, nā kaʻa, nā kemika, nā mea uila, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.