Ua noʻonoʻo paha no ke aha e loaʻa ai ka ikaika o ka ʻenehana paʻi 3D a hoʻololi i nā ʻenehana hana kuʻuna kahiko?
Inā ʻoe e hoʻāʻo e papa inoa i nā kumu o kēia hoʻololi ʻana, e hoʻomaka maoli ka papa inoa me ka hana maʻamau.Ke ʻimi nei nā kānaka i ka pilikino.ʻAʻole lākou i makemake nui i ka standardization.
A ma muli o kēia hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻano o ka poʻe a me ka hiki o ka ʻenehana paʻi 3D e hoʻokō i ka pono o ka poʻe no ka hoʻopilikino ʻana, ma o ka hana maʻamau, hiki iā ia ke pani i nā ʻenehana hana maʻamau.
ʻO ka maʻalahi ka mea huna ma hope o ka huli ʻana o ka poʻe no ka pilikino.A ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea paʻi 3D maʻalahi i loaʻa i ka mākeke e hiki ai i nā mea hoʻohana ke hoʻomohala i nā ʻāpana maʻalahi a me nā prototypes hana he kumu ia o ka hauʻoli maʻemaʻe i kekahi mau mea hoʻohana.
ʻO ke ʻano paʻi paʻi 3D a me nā lima prosthetic paʻi 3D he laʻana o nā noi e mahalo ʻia ai ka maʻalahi o ka paʻi 3D.
ʻO ka paʻi Rubber 3D kahi wahi e noiʻi mau ʻia a hoʻomohala ʻia.Akā i kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe o mākou ʻenehana paʻi 3D, a hiki i ka paʻi ʻana o ka lāʻau, pono mākou e hoʻokele me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
A e like me ka noiʻi ʻana, ʻo nā koho kokoke loa i ka lāʻau e hāʻule i loko i kapa ʻia ʻo Thermoplastic Elastomers.ʻEhā ʻano mea maʻalahi a mākou e nānā hohonu ai i kēia ʻatikala.
Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau mea paʻi 3D maʻalahi ʻo TPU, TPC, TPA, a me Soft PLA.E hoʻomaka mākou ma ka hāʻawi ʻana iā ʻoe i kahi pōkole e pili ana i nā mea paʻi 3D Flexible ma ka laulā.
He aha ke filament hikiwawe loa?
Ke koho ʻana i nā filament maʻalahi no kāu papahana paʻi 3D aʻe e wehe i kahi honua o nā mea like ʻole no kāu mau paʻi.
ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke paʻi wale i nā ʻano mea like ʻole me kāu filament flex, akā inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi extruder pālua a lehulehu paha i loko o ka mīkini paʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke paʻi i nā mea kupanaha me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia mea.
Hiki ke paʻi ʻia nā ʻāpana a me nā prototypes e like me nā flip flops, nā poʻo pōlele koʻikoʻi, a i ʻole nā mea hoʻoheheʻe haʻalulu me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kāu mīkini paʻi.
Inā paʻa ʻoe e hana i ka filament Flexi i ʻāpana o ka paʻi ʻana i kāu mau mea, pono ʻoe e kūleʻa i ka hana ʻana i kou mau noʻonoʻo kokoke i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo.
Me ka nui o nā koho i loaʻa i kēia lā ma kēia kahua, he mea paʻakikī ke noʻonoʻo i ka manawa i hala ma ke kahua o ka paʻi 3D me ka loaʻa ʻole o kēia mea paʻi.
No nā mea hoʻohana, ʻo ka paʻi ʻana me nā filament maʻalahi, i kēlā manawa, he mea ʻeha ia i kā lākou hoki.ʻO ka ʻeha ma muli o nā kumu he nui i hoʻopili ʻia a puni ka ʻike maʻamau he palupalu loa kēia mau mea.
ʻO ka palupalu o nā mea paʻi 3D maʻalahi i hiki ke paʻi ʻia me nā mea paʻi wale nō, akā, pono ʻoe i kahi mea hilinaʻi maoli.
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe paʻi i kēlā manawa ua kū i ka pilikia o ke kaomi ʻana i ka hopena o ke kaula, no laila ke hoʻokuke ʻoe i kekahi mea i kēlā manawa me ka ʻole o ka ʻoʻoleʻa ma o ka nozzle, e piʻo, wili, a hakakā me ia.
Hiki i nā mea a pau i kamaʻāina i ka ninini ʻana i ka milo mai loko mai o ka nila no ka humuhumu ʻana i kekahi ʻano lole e pili ana i kēia ʻano.
Ma waho aʻe o ka pilikia o ka hopena pana, ʻo ka hana ʻana i nā filament palupalu e like me TPE he hana herculean loa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi me ka hoʻomanawanui.
Inā noʻonoʻo ʻoe i ka hoʻomanawanui maikaʻi ʻole a hoʻomaka i ka hana ʻana, aia paha nā manawa i loaʻa i ka filament āu i hana ai i ke kaʻina hana kikoʻī maikaʻi ʻole, jamming, a me ke kaʻina extrusion.
Akā, ua loli nā mea, i kēia manawa, aia kahi ʻano o nā filament palupalu, ʻo kekahi o lākou me nā waiwai elastic a me nā ʻano o ka palupalu.ʻO PLA palupalu, TPU, a me TPE kekahi o nā laʻana.
Kahakai ʻoʻoleʻa
He hōʻailona maʻamau kēia āu e ʻike ai me nā mea hana filament e ʻōlelo pū ana me ka inoa o kā lākou mea paʻi 3D.
Ua wehewehe ʻia ʻo Shore Hardness e like me ke ana o ke kūʻē ʻana o kēlā me kēia mea i ka indentation.
Ua hana ʻia kēia unahi i ka wā ma mua i ka wā ʻaʻohe kanaka e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka paʻakikī o kekahi mea.
No laila, ma mua o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o Shore hardness, pono nā kānaka e hoʻohana i kā lākou ʻike i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe no ka wehewehe ʻana i ka paʻakikī o nā mea a lākou i hoʻāʻo ai, ma mua o ka haʻi ʻana i kahi helu.
Lilo kēia unahi i mea koʻikoʻi i ka wā e noʻonoʻo ana i ka mea poni e koho ai no ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻāpana o kahi prototype hana.
No laila, no ka laʻana, inā makemake ʻoe e koho ma waena o ʻelua mau lāʻau no ka hana ʻana i ka pāpaʻi kuʻi balerina, e haʻi mai ʻo Shore hardness iā ʻoe e loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi ʻōpala pōkole 70 A ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka lāʻau me ka paakiki kahakai o 30 A.
ʻO ka mea maʻamau i ka wā e pili ana i nā filament e ʻike ʻoe ʻo ka paʻakikī kahakai i ʻōlelo ʻia o kahi mea maʻalahi ma nā wahi āpau mai 100A a 75A.
Ma laila, maopopo, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka mea paʻi 3D maʻalahi me ka paʻakikī kahakai o 100A ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o 75A.
He aha kāu e noʻonoʻo ai i ke kūʻai ʻana i kahi filament maʻalahi?
Aia nā ʻano mea like ʻole e noʻonoʻo ai i ke kūʻai ʻana i kekahi filament, ʻaʻole nā mea maʻalahi.
Pono ʻoe e hoʻomaka mai kahi kiko waena ʻo ia ka mea nui loa iā ʻoe e loaʻa, kahi mea e like me ke ʻano o ka mea e hopena ai i kahi ʻāpana maikaʻi o kahi prototype hana.
A laila, pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hilinaʻi i loko o ke kaulahao hoʻolako ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea āu e hoʻohana ai i hoʻokahi manawa no ka paʻi 3D, pono e loaʻa mau, inā ʻaʻole, e hoʻopau ʻoe i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi palena palena o nā mea paʻi 3D.
Ma hope o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i kēia mau mea, pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka elasticity kiʻekiʻe, nā ʻano kala like ʻole.No ka mea, ʻaʻole e loaʻa nā mea paʻi 3D maʻalahi i ke kala āu e makemake ai e kūʻai.
Ma hope o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i kēia mau mea āpau hiki iā ʻoe ke noʻonoʻo i ka lawelawe o ka mea kūʻai aku a me ke kumukūʻai i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe ma ka mākeke.
E papa inoa mākou i kekahi o nā mea hiki iā ʻoe ke koho no ka paʻi ʻana i kahi ʻāpana maʻalahi a i ʻole prototype hana.
Ka papa inoa o nā mea paʻi 3D maʻalahi
Loaʻa i nā mea a pau i ʻōlelo ʻia ma lalo nei kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona maʻamau e like me ka maʻalahi a me ka palupalu i ke ʻano.Loaʻa i nā mea waiwai ke kūpaʻa luhi maikaʻi a me nā waiwai uila maikaʻi.
Loaʻa iā lākou ka vibration damping a me ka ikaika hopena.Hōʻike kēia mau mea i ke kūʻē ʻana i nā kemika a me ke aniau, loaʻa iā lākou ka waimaka maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa abrasion.
Hiki ke ho'ohana hou ia mau mea a pau a he hiki ke ho'opa'i ha'alulu maika'i.
Nā mea paʻi kiʻi no ka paʻi ʻana me nā mea paʻi 3D Flexible
Aia kekahi mau manaʻo maʻamau e hoʻonoho i kāu mīkini paʻi ma mua o ka paʻi ʻana me kēia mau mea.
Pono ka pae wela extruder o kāu mīkini paʻi ma waena o 210 a me 260 degere Celsius, akā ʻo ka pae wela o ka moe mai ka wela a 110 degere Celsius ma muli o ka mahana hoʻololi aniani o ka mea āu e makemake ai e paʻi.
ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka paʻi ʻōlelo ʻia ʻoiai ke paʻi ʻana me nā mea maʻalahi hiki ke loaʻa ma kēlā me kēia wahi mai ka haʻahaʻa e like me ʻelima millimeters i kekona a hiki i kanakolu millimeters i kekona.
ʻO ka ʻōnaehana extruder o kāu mīkini paʻi 3D pono e hoʻokele pololei a makemake ʻia ʻoe e loaʻa i kahi peʻahi hoʻomaha no ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā ʻāpana a me nā prototypes hana āu e hana ai.
Nā pilikia i ka paʻi ʻana me kēia mau mea
ʻOiaʻiʻo, aia kekahi mau mea e pono ai ʻoe e mālama ma mua o ka paʻi ʻana me kēia mau mea e pili ana i nā pilikia i ʻike ʻia e nā mea hoʻohana ma mua.
-Ua ʻike maikaʻi ʻia nā elastomers Thermoplastic e nā extruders o ka mea paʻi.
-Hoʻomoʻa lākou i ka makū, no laila e manaʻo e paʻi ka nui o kāu paʻi inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia ka filament.
- He mea maʻalahi nā elastomers Thermoplastic i nā neʻe wikiwiki a hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka wā e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ai i ka extruder.
TPU
Kū ka TPU no ka polyurethane thermoplastic.He mea kaulana loa ia ma ka mākeke, no laila, ʻoiai ke kūʻai ʻana i nā filament maʻalahi, aia nā manawa kiʻekiʻe o kēia mea ka mea āu e hālāwai pinepine ai i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā filament ʻē aʻe.
Kaulana ia ma ka mākeke no ka hōʻike ʻana i kahi ʻoi aku ka rigidity a me ka ʻae ʻana e extrude maʻalahi ma mua o nā filament ʻē aʻe.
He ikaika maikaʻi kēia mea a me ka lōʻihi kiʻekiʻe.Loaʻa iā ia kahi laulā elastic kiʻekiʻe ma ke kauoha o 600 a 700 pakeneka.
ʻO ka paʻakikī kahakai o kēia mea mai 60 A a 55 D. He mea hiki ke paʻi maikaʻi loa, he semi-transparent.
ʻO kona kūpaʻa kemika i ka momona ma ke ʻano a me nā aila e kūpono ai ke hoʻohana me nā mea paʻi 3D.He kiʻekiʻe ke kūpaʻa abrasion o kēia mea.
Pono ʻoe e mālama i ka wela wela o kāu mīkini paʻi ma waena o 210 a 230 degere Celsius a me ka moena ma waena o ka wela wela ʻole a hiki i 60 degere Celsius ke paʻi ʻana me TPU.
ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka paʻi ʻana, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei, aia ma waena o ʻelima a me kanakolu millimeters i kēlā me kēia kekona, ʻoiai no ka hoʻopili ʻana i kahi moe e ʻōlelo ʻia ʻoe e hoʻohana i kahi Kapton a i ʻole ka lipine pena.
Pono ka extruder e holo pololei a ʻaʻole ʻōlelo ʻia ka peʻahi hoʻoluʻu no nā papa mua o kēia paʻi.
TPC
Kū lākou no ka thermoplastic coplyester.ʻO ke kemika, he polyether esters lākou i loaʻa ke kaʻina lōʻihi like ʻole o nā glycols kaulahao lōʻihi a pōkole paha.
ʻO nā ʻāpana paʻakikī o kēia ʻāpana he mau ʻāpana ester kaulahao pōkole, aʻo nā ʻāpana palupalu maʻamau he polyether aliphatic a me polyester glycols.
No ka mea, ua manaʻo ʻia kēia mea paʻi 3D maʻalahi he ʻenekinia, ʻaʻole ia he mea āu e ʻike pinepine ai e like me TPU.
He haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ko TPC me ka laulā elastic o 300 a 350 pakeneka.ʻO ka paʻakikī o kahakai mai 40 a 72 D.
Hōʻike ka TPC i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi i nā kemika a me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe me ke kūpaʻa wela maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa wela.
ʻOiai e paʻi ana me TPC, pono ʻoe e mālama i kou wela ma waena o 220 a 260 degere Celsius, ka mahana moe ma waena o 90 a 110 degere Celsius, a ʻo ka wikiwiki o ka paʻi ʻana e like me ka TPU.
TPA
ʻO ka copolymer kemika o TPE a me Nylon i kapa ʻia ʻo Thermoplastic Polyamide he hui pū ʻana o ke ʻano maʻemaʻe a nani hoʻi e hele mai ana mai Nylon a me ka maʻalahi o ka TPE.
Loaʻa iā ia ka hikiwawe kiʻekiʻe a me ka elasticity ma ka laulā o 370 a me 497 pakeneka, me ka paʻakikī Shore ma ka laulā o 75 a me 63 A.
He lōʻihi loa ia a hōʻike i ka hiki ke paʻi ma ka pae like me TPC.Loaʻa iā ia ka pale wela maikaʻi a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka papa.
ʻO ka mahana extruder o ka mea paʻi i ka wā e paʻi ana i kēia mea pono aia ma ka laulā o 220 a 230 degere Celsius, akā ʻo ka mahana moe ma waena o 30 a 60 degere Celsius.
Hiki ke like ka wikiwiki o ka paʻi ʻana o kāu mīkini paʻi me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia i ka wā e paʻi ana i ka TPU a me ka TPC.
Pono ka hoʻopili moe o ka mea paʻi i ka PVA a me ka ʻōnaehana extruder hiki ke alakaʻi pololei e like me Bowden.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jul-10-2023